It is called “die off”
February 17, 2015 § Leave a comment
It occurs when an organism lives in an ecosystem consisting mostly of its own waste product.
“This is called a die-off, and it’s something that happens all the time: a population (say, of yeast in a vat of sugary liquid) consumes its food, and then dies off. A few hardy individuals linger on, and if you throw in a lump of sugar, they spring to life, start reproducing and the process takes off again.”
http://cluborlov.blogspot.com/2015/02/extinctextincterextinctest.html#more
Wednesday in the Age of Reason-Munchausen (1988) 
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